Gastritis: causes, assessment and treatment
Not every burning stomach sensation means gastritis. Learn why identifying the cause, reviewing medicines and recognising warning signs matter.
What does gastritis mean?
Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining. Similar symptoms can have other causes, so symptoms alone do not establish the diagnosis. Some people have no obvious symptoms.
Possible causes and symptoms
- Upper abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, early fullness or reduced appetite may occur.
- Helicobacter pylori bacteria are an important cause. The immune system attacking stomach tissue can also cause gastritis.
- Some painkillers and alcohol can damage the stomach lining. Tell the clinician about all products you use, without stopping prescribed medicine yourself.
How is the cause investigated?
After reviewing your history and examining you, a clinician may select blood, stool or breath tests. If needed, gastroscopy examines the stomach and a biopsy takes a small tissue sample. The tests depend on your symptoms and risks.
Treatment depends on the cause
If H. pylori is found, a clinician plans treatment against the bacteria; acid-reducing medicines may also be used. Ask about treatment duration and follow-up. Discuss foods that aggravate symptoms; diet or herbal products alone do not replace treating the cause.
Emergency and early assessment signs
Get emergency care for bloody or coffee-ground-like vomit, black tarry stools or sudden severe abdominal or chest pain. Call 112 for fainting, breathing difficulty or marked deterioration. Unexplained weight loss, persistent vomiting or difficulty swallowing also need prompt assessment.
Information sources
These sources support general information; they do not confirm our hospital’s services or clinical approval.
This information is general and does not replace individual diagnosis or treatment advice. Discuss your own situation with your healthcare team.
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