Cutaneous leishmaniasis: assessing a persistent sore

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a skin infection caused by Leishmania parasites. It is mainly transmitted by infected sand flies, whose bites may go unnoticed. A small bump may enlarge into a crusted or open sore and may be painless. Lack of pain or slow growth does not remove the need for assessment.

Sore number, location, size, parasite type and the person’s health influence decisions. Local treatments or medicines acting throughout the body may be selected; follow-up and monitoring for side effects matter. Do not self-use creams sold for leishmaniasis, injections or caustic substances. Some sores can heal spontaneously but may scar; a clinician should decide whether observation is appropriate.

Especially at dusk and night, reduce exposed skin with clothing and use insect repellent as directed. Sand flies are very small, so fine-mesh screens or bed nets are needed. The sources include the Şanlıurfa Provincial Health Directorate’s information on its diagnosis and treatment centre; confirm current access and treatment days with that centre before travelling. It is not presented as a Nev unit or partner.

Seek assessment for a sore that persists or grows; do not delay for facial or eye-area sores, multiple sores or immune suppression. Report new fever, marked weakness, weight loss or sores in the nose or mouth; these should not be attributed to skin-only disease. Call 112 for emergency help with severe breathlessness, collapse or altered awareness.